| dc.contributor.advisor | García Martínez, Mauricio Alberto | |
| dc.coverage.spatial | cead_-_josé_celestino_mutis | |
| dc.creator | Cardenas Gil, Yeison Francisco | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2024-03-20T13:31:35Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2024-03-20T13:31:35Z | |
| dc.date.created | 2024-03-09 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://repository.unad.edu.co/handle/10596/60515 | |
| dc.description.abstract | La presente tesis aborda el diseño y desarrollo de un prototipo de sistema de comunicación asistida para personas en situación de vulnerabilidad debido a incapacidades motoras. El objetivo principal es proporcionar idea de solución accesible y asequible que garantice una comunicación efectiva para este grupo minoritario, que a menudo se enfrenta a exclusiones y limitaciones tanto físicas como económicas.
En contextos como el de Colombia, al igual que en otros países en desarrollo, la comunicación asistida se enfrenta a diversos desafíos, como la falta de accesibilidad y altos costos, la escasa infraestructura en zonas rurales, barreras políticas y legislativas, y la necesidad de personalización y adaptabilidad para satisfacer las necesidades individuales de los usuarios.
El prototipo desarrollado integra varias tecnologías, siendo la electrooculografía una de las más importantes. Esta técnica registra las señales eléctricas generadas por el movimiento voluntario de los ojos, permitiendo su traducción en señales eléctricas procesables para controlar el sistema de comunicación asistida.
La electrooculografía se destaca por su capacidad de captar los movimientos oculares, incluso en personas con limitaciones motoras graves. Esto brinda una vía de comunicación a individuos afectados por diversas condiciones, como parálisis cerebral, síndrome de locked-in y esclerosis lateral amiotrófica (ELA), entre otras. | |
| dc.format | pdf | |
| dc.title | Prototipo sistema de comunicación asistida mediante el control de señales electro oculográficas | |
| dc.type | Proyecto aplicado | |
| dc.subject.keywords | Comunicación asistida | |
| dc.subject.keywords | electrooculografía | |
| dc.subject.keywords | Prototipo | |
| dc.subject.keywords | Accesibilidad | |
| dc.subject.keywords | Tecnologías de asistencia | |
| dc.subject.keywords | Discapacidad | |
| dc.subject.keywords | Movimiento ocular | |
| dc.subject.keywords | Sistema de escritura digital | |
| dc.subject.keywords | Teclados virtuales | |
| dc.subject.keywords | Interacción usuario-ordenador | |
| dc.subject.keywords | Innovación. | |
| dc.description.abstractenglish | This thesis project aims to address the challenges faced by individuals with motor impairments in effectively communicating. The objective is to develop a prototype of an assistive communication system that ensures effective communication for this minority group. Often, these individuals are excluded due to their physical limitations, and many of them belong to low-income backgrounds, lacking access to expensive communication systems available in the market. Therefore, the intention is to provide an accessible and affordable prototype solution that allows them to express themselves effectively despite their challenges.
Communication assistance in Colombia, like in many other developing countries, faces various challenges and issues that can limit its effectiveness and reach. Common problems in these contexts include accessibility and costs, lack of knowledge and training, inadequate infrastructure to support assistive communication services, especially in rural areas with limited internet or electricity access, as well as political and legislative barriers. Personalization and adaptability are also necessary to ensure the satisfaction of individual user needs.
Creating an effective assistive communication system prototype has required the integration of various technologies, with electrooculography being a crucial component in this project. Electrooculography is a non-invasive technique that records the electrical signals generated by voluntary eye movements, which is essential for our prototype.
Electrooculography measures the electrical potential difference between the cornea and the retina, which varies based on the eye's position. This bioelectrical phenomenon is leveraged to translate eye movements into electrical signals that can be processed and used to control an assistive communication system.
The significant advantage of using electrooculographic signals is that even individuals
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with severe motor limitations can typically perform eye movements. Therefore, these systems can provide a means of communication for people who would otherwise struggle to communicate, such as those affected by cerebral palsy, locked-in syndrome, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), among other conditions. By utilizing open-source hardware and software, normalizing and stabilizing the effective signal ranges, and transforming the signal into pointer movements within a scripting language-based software implementation, assisted communication can be achieved.
In practice, the synchronization and integration of multiple software and hardware technologies make it possible to create a digital writing medium. This system, which utilizes virtual keyboards and text-to-speech libraries, is controlled by the electrooculographic signals. This innovative combination of technologies facilitates the interaction between a user with disabilities and a computer, offering an effective and accessible assistive communication solution. | |
| dc.subject.category | Ingeniería | |
